Thursday, August 13, 2020
Top 10 Application Tips #2 Recommendation Letters COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog
Top 10 Application Tips #2 â" Recommendation Letters COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog This is the second entry in our âTop 10? list to assist you with understanding the process of submitting your admission application to SIPA. This entry is focused on many of the questions we receive regarding the submission of letters of recommendation. Question: Can I submit more than three letters? Answer: No, we will only accept three letters of recommendation. We wish to be fair to all applicants and thus hold everyone to the same standard. Question: What is the ideal combination of recommendation letters? Answer: There is no real ideal combination, it really depends on the applicant; however let me elaborate a bit on the subject. Recommendation letters should come from one of two sources: academic or professional. In other words, from individuals who have supervised you in the classroom or in the work place. âWork placeâ is a broad term. The work place could include internships, volunteer work, or paid full-time work. Sometimes unpaid work is much more in alignment with an applicantâs goals and if you are choosing to do something and not get paid for it, this shows a great deal of dedication and commitment. Since SIPA is a professional school it makes sense that we would like to see at least one professional letter of recommendation. The only combination we really do not recommend is three academic letters of recommendation. An applicant that submits three academic letters is basically telling us that there is no one from the professional world that can comment on their ability and qualifications for graduate school. Beyond this advice, any combination will do. If you have been out of school for several years, do not feel compelled to go back and get a letter of recommendation from a professor who did not really know you or that you have not been in contact with. We would much rather receive letters from those that know you and that you have been in contact with in some capacity. If you had fabulous relationships with a few professors two letters of recommendation from professors is fine. Question: Do you have general advice concerning the content of the letters? Answer: Yes! The best letters of recommendation go beyond addressing your character and include specific information on your potential to succeed in our program. This is best accomplished through specific examples. When you talk with those writing letters for you, please tell them to include examples of your competence. It is one thing to say that someone is smart and capable; it is another to provide solid examples of intelligence and ability in the work place or in the classroom. Be sure that you speak with those writing letters on your behalf and clarify this point. If you put yourself in my shoes, my job as the Director of Admission is to quantify your ability to do well in our program. A letter that contains examples of work performed will better allow me to identify your ability and potential. The Admissions Committee has to make tough calls (admission is a competition after all) and sometimes it can come down to the quality of the content contained in the recommendation letters. Question: How can those submitting the letters submit them? Answer: When you start your online application you will be asked to enter the names and emails addresses of the three individuals you have chosen to submit letters on your behalf. When you submit this information our system automatically sends the person an email with specific details on how to submit their letter. Our preference is that those submitting letters do so through our application site. In the email that is sent, there are specific instructions for the recommender to follow. They will visit a web site and upload a copy of the letter. This is the fastest and most convenient way. We are not into ceremony pretty letterhead and a wet signature are of no consequence in our decision making. When a letter is uploaded, it will be matched to your application and you will be able to see that it has been submitted. Thus this method is also nice for you, because if your recommender submits the letter via the web site, you will know in real time (if you log into your application) if it has been received. Yes, recommenders can mail letters to us, but this slows the process down. If a letter is delivered to our office we generally do not seek to match it to a file until after the deadline (January 5th) passes. Thus there will be a little bit of tension on your part. You will think, Have all of my letters arrived? Unfortunately we cannot dedicate the time to tracking letters prior to the submission of an admission application. If a letter is mailed, it can be sent to the following address: Office of Admissions and Financial Aid Columbia University SIPA 420 West 118th Street 4th Floor Room 408 New York, NY 10027 As far as to whom to address the letter to, it does not really matter. Popular choices include The Admission Committee, To Whom it May Concern, or Matt Clemons. Question: Should I wait to submit my application until all of the letters of recommendation have been received? Answer: No. Applicants should not be concerned if an application is submitted before a letter or letters of recommendation have been received. What ultimately matters is that both your application and the letters are submitted by the deadline of January 5th at midnight EST. So, do not worry if letters of recommendation have yet to be submitted when submitting your application, you may submit your application prior to letters of recommendation being received. Question: What if a person wishes to write a letter in a language other than English? Is this okay? Answer: Yes, it is okay if a person writes a letter in a language other than English, however that letter will need to be translated into English, and not by you. Letters of recommendation are confidential and you cannot translate your own letter. If someone wishes to write a letter in another language, ask that they have the letter translated by either an employee they work with or a certified translator. The person who translates the letter should include their name and email address so we can get in touch with him/her if necessary. ____________________ A final note is to encourage those submitting letters on your behalf to do so as early as possible. An application that does not have all documents submitted by the deadline does not look professional. We understand that the submission of letters of recommendation is beyond the control of applicants and we are willing to work with applicants when unusual circumstances lead to the late submission of letters, however we do take note when documents come in after the stated deadline.
Saturday, May 23, 2020
I am about to set forth on career that I hope, will help...
I am about to set forth on career that I hope, will help me realize the full potential of my innate talents and be stimulating and challenging, But before I embark, I must equip myself with the necessary skills and achieve this, Study will be an essential tool in the kit and not a fancy decoration. Everyone is a pioneer, but only few realize it. I am one of the few who has pertinently realized the need for having a revolutionary perspective and vision on the forthcoming creations of science that would affect our living in more than one way. ââ¬Å"In short people see hints and ask why, but I see thinks and ask why notâ⬠This has been my frame of mind since childhood. I have always asked questions and been inquisitive of everything around me. Iâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Having a remarkable growth and by providing a great infrastructure, KEC has provided me the best chance of becoming a complete professional. I opted for ââ¬Å"computer science Engineering ââ¬Å" as my major field of study. I have learned and gained knowledge about many things starting with software and the 21st century technical advancement. Why Graduate study: The frontiers of software technology are expanding very rapidly with time. This undergraduate program of mine did give me a taste for different interesting subjects that leads to compose a gamut of computer science and Engineering but never the satisfaction of savoring any one of them. Hence my decision is to continue with graduate studies. I strongly believe that graduate study is not Just extension of undergraduate work but a unique learning experience through which one evolves from a student to a researcher. I also believe that graduate education will provide both technical knowledge experience and expertise needed to deal with rapidly expanding technology and help me to contribute my mite to develop new technologies. Thus I intended to pursue graduate studies. My field of interest: The curriculum of undergraduate program in computer science and Engineering with its broad based studies and rigorous treatment of the fundamentals has created much interest in many fieldsShow MoreRelatedCoaching Salespeople Into Sales Champions110684 Words à |à 443 PagesExecutives Keith Rosen, MCC John Wiley Sons, Inc. Praise for Coaching Salespeople into Sales Champions ââ¬Ëââ¬ËWinning in sales is no different than winning in life. As someone who has done a lot of personal and professional coaching over the years, I see tremendous value for anyone who reads this book. If the reader will embrace Keithââ¬â¢s philosophy around coaching, they can certainly expect to win in all areas of their life, while making a profound and measurable impact on their salespeopleââ¬â¢s performanceRead MorePlenary Session69346 Words à |à 278 Pages and 3) I will be able to present your groupââ¬â¢s specific data at the session. Several hints about how to best complete this survey: â⬠¢ There are no right answers to any of these questions. â⬠¢ Answer the questions quickly, do not over-analyze them. Some seem worded poorly. Go with what feels best. â⬠¢ Answer the questions as ââ¬Å"the way you areâ⬠, not ââ¬Å"the way youââ¬â¢d like to be seen by othersâ⬠â⬠¢ Do not look a t the scoring sheet until you have completed all the questions. Thanks for your time, and I look forwardRead Morewisdom,humor and faith19596 Words à |à 79 PagesGenuine humor is replete with wisdom.â⬠Mark Twain, quoted in Opie Percival Read, Mark Twain and I (1940), 17. ââ¬Å"Humor offers both a form of wisdom and a means of survival in a threatening world. It demands that we reckon with the realities of human nature and the world without falling into grimness and despair.â⬠Roger Shattuck, The Banquet Years: The Origins of the Avant-Garde in Franceââ¬â1885 to World War I, rev. ed. (1968), 248. ââ¬Å"Humor is, in fact, a prelude to faith; and laughter is the beginningRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words à |à 299 PagesSucceeding in securing energy for everyone doe snââ¬â¢t have to come at the exp ens start to think differently e of anyone. Once we all about energy, then we can truly make this promise a reality. $15 hips over ket. ners part r sting Inve gy to ma ough â⬠¢ y thr ener s nerg llion able ing e f mi elop ntries. Dev cou ds o d renew â⬠¢ ndre an in 26 g hu rnative ply. y i tt i n nerg mm y to alte rsify sup y wn e â⬠¢ Co uall e ur o fficienc n o div an gies t de o e e ma sing our ener , hav a 1992 by incre ceRead MoreManagement Course: MbaâËâ10 General Management215330 Words à |à 862 PagesContents FeigenbaumâËâFeigenbaum â⬠¢ The Power of Management Capital 1. New Management for Business Growth in a Demanding Economy 1 1 Text JonesâËâGeorge â⬠¢ Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition I. Management 17 17 2. The Evolution of Management Thought HughesâËâGinnettâËâCurphy â⬠¢ Leadership, Fifth Edition I. Leadership is a Process, Not a Position 51 51 70 1. Leadership is Everyoneââ¬â¢s Business 2. Interaction between the Leader, the Followers the Situation Cohen â⬠¢ Effective Behavior in OrganizationsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 PagesKenny Beck Text and Cover Designer: Wanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Printer/Binder: Courier/Kendallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std CreditsRead More50 Harmful Effects of Genetically Modified (Gm) Foods14312 Words à |à 58 Pagesundoubtedly the single most potent technology the world has ever known - more powerful even than atomic energy. Yet it is being released throughout our environment and deployed with superficial or no risk assessments - as if no one needs to worry an iota about its unparalleled powers to harm life as we know it - and for all future generations. Updated 2009. Comments email: naturolism@gmail.com More blue underlined links shortly in an ongoing update. Sign up now for our Newsletter to get invaluableRead Moretheme of alienation n no where man by kamala markandeya23279 Words à |à 94 Pagesï » ¿ANTIGONE KEY LITERARY ELEMENTS SETTING This tragedy is set against the background of the Oedipus legend. It illustrates how the curse on the House of Labdacus (who is the grandson of Cadmus, founder of Thebes, and the father of Laius, whose son is Oedipus) brought about the deaths of Oedipus and his wife-mother, Jocasta, as well as the double fratricide of Eteocles and Polynices. Furthermore, Antigone dies after defying King Creon. The play is set in Thebes, a powerful city-state north of Athens.Read MoreOrganisational Behavioure23151 Words à |à 93 PagesWynn tries to get you out of office.â⬠be bluffing? ââ" Those who know Wynn say his temper can erupt as fiercely as the volcano he put 259 ROBBMC08.QXD.0132431521 2 60 PART TWO 12/15/05 12:25 PM Page 260 The Individual I tââ¬â¢s probably safe to assume that most of us are not as given to emotional extremes as Steve Wynn. If we were, could we be as successful as he in our professions? Given the obvious role that emotions play in our work and everyday lives, it might
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
William Dunham s Journey Through Genius - 1432 Words
The author of Journey through Genius, William Dunham, begins this chapter by depicting how mathematics was spurred and developed in early civilizations. Dunham focuses primarily on the worksââ¬â¢ and achievementsââ¬â¢ of early Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Greece in this section. These ancient societies, as they developed, produced mathematicians such as; Thales, Pythagoras, and Hippocrates, who turned a basic human intuition for space and quantity into applicable everyday mathematics. The primary influences driving the development of early mathematics were the issues of growing civilizations, most notably counting commodities, taxation, and the division of land equally, rather than a pure desire for understanding that is seen in mathematics today. These influences culminated in the development of early arithmetic and geometry. The first civilization that is discussed is early Egypt. Records have been found referring to mathematics done in Egypt showing a rudimentary understanding o f the Pythagorean Theorem as it pertains to the construction of triangles with whole number sides before the creation of the Pythagorean Theorem. An example lies in an ancient Egyptian construction of a rope with knots forming 12 evenly spaced segments along the length of the rope. They knew if a triangle having sides of 5, 4, and 3 segments was formed it would form a triangle containing a right angle. However, it is important to state that evidence has not been found that ancient Egyptians understood exactlyShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson E ducation, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturersRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Marvin Bower Free Essays
The late Marvin Bower, who transformed McKinsey Co. into one of the best management consulting firms in the world, said that the ââ¬Å"ability to inspire and require workers to be their best is the greatest resource of any business, and that the rewards for doing so include growth for the business itself, and growth in competitive position, size, and profitsâ⬠(Edersheim, 2004, p. 65). We will write a custom essay sample on Marvin Bower or any similar topic only for you Order Now Much literature about theories of motivation and work relate to the subject of inspiring employees to do their best (Gagne and Deci, 2005; Ambrose and Kulik, 1999). This paper explores how managers can use theories of motivating employees to make the workplace better, more profitable, and efficient. A managerââ¬â¢s job is to get things done through their employees, so knowing how to motivate employees is always a challenge that has never been easy. Many changes driven by worldwide social and economic forces are happening at the workplace. The end of the Cold War in the early 1990s and the globalization of businesses are transforming corporations ââ¬â public and private, large and small ââ¬â in a radical way (Stiglitz, 2002). Global competition and the rise of democracy are pressuring companies to be more competitive, agile, and lean, changing the nature of organizational structures and the relationships between managers and workers (Micklethwait Wooldridge, 2000). Another change agent is the progress of information and communications technology, especially the Internet and mobile computing, which has altered the nature of communication within the organization and the quality of the workforce. Workers are more educated and knowledgeable, able to gain quick access to information and perform knowledge-based tasks in an atmosphere of teamwork and collaboration (Heerwagen, Kelly, Kampshroer, 2005). As the workplace structure and the workers themselves change, management faces the problem posed by Gerstner (2002) after a successful ten-year effort to bring IBM Corporation out of a crisis: -How do you pull the levers of motivation to change the attitudes, behavior, and thinking of a population? Of course, different people are motivated by different things. Some by money. Some by advancement. Some by recognition. For some, the most effective motivation is fear ââ¬â or anger. For others, that doesnââ¬â¢t (sic) work; itââ¬â¢s learning, or the opportunity to make an impact, to see their efforts produce concrete results. Most people can be roused by the threat of extinction. And most can be inspired by a compelling vision of the future. Over the past ten years, Iââ¬â¢ve pulled most of those levers (p. 203). Effectively changing the attitudes, behavior, and thinking of workers demands that a manager knows what levers of motivation to pull in the first place. Much research has been done to identify empirically-proven theories and methods that managers can use to motivate their employees (Gagne and Deci, 2005, p. 333). Maslow proposed that a person is motivated by satisfying five levels of human needs: (1) physiological (hunger and thirst); (2) safety (bodily); (3) social (friendship and affiliation); (4) esteem (for oneself and others); and (5) self-actualization (growth and realization of potential) (Chapman, 2004a). Herzberg stated that work satisfaction results from the presence of hygiene factors like salary, status, working conditions, supervisor and management, security, relationship with subordinates, and policies, and motivational factors like achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement, and personal growth. A worker will be satisfied if the motivation factors are met (Chapman, 2004c). According to Adamsââ¬â¢s Equity Theory, what workers put into their work (inputs) is fairly balanced with what they expect to get out of it (outputs). Motivation will get the most out of employee inputs like personal effort and hard work by making the employee see it balanced by outputs (salary, benefits, and intangibles like praise and achievement) (Chapman, 2004b). Vroomââ¬â¢s Expectancy Theory states that three factors should be present for motivation to take place: valence (value placed on the expected reward), expectancy (belief that efforts are linked to performance), and instrumentality (belief that performance is related to rewards). Knowing each employeeââ¬â¢s valence and expectancy, and showing the instrumentality between the two, will help the manager trigger the motivation of the employee. Porter and Lawler built on Vroomââ¬â¢s theory by proposing a model of intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, which states that people are intrinsically motivated if they do something they find interesting and from which they derive satisfaction, and that people are extrinsically motivated if they do the activity because they are satisfied with the tangible or verbal rewards attached (Gagne and Deci, 2005, p. 331). Schwab (1985) equates this with Herzbergââ¬â¢s motivation (intrinsic) and hygiene (extrinsic) factors but contemporary authors claim that it is closer to Vroomââ¬â¢s Expectancy Theory (Ambrose and Kulik, 1999, p. 257). All these theories may be said to be based on Skinnerââ¬â¢s reinforcement theory, which states that behavior can be shaped, changed or maintained through the use of positive and negative reinforcement, implying that a person can behave in a certain way through the use of motivational levers. Motivation can be used to improve employee performance and productivity. As Bruce and Pepitone (1999, pp. 38-42) point out, employees can be motivated to do their work better, that is, improve their work performance, and to work more efficiently and more effectively, that is, improve their productivity. One way is to share information (like profit and loss or quality of service) on how your department is doing in comparison with others in or outside the company. Asking employees to help you solve a problem appeals to their need for self-actualization (Maslow) and helps them set high personal standards of growth and potential. You may motivate them with bonuses (Vroomââ¬â¢s rewards or Adamsââ¬â¢s outputs) they will get if performance improves.à Use the tools depending on what you think your employees need. This first step can make your employees want to improve their performance and be more productive. Getting employees warmed up is good, but it is not enough. After getting them initially motivated, the manager has to help each one establish and achieve higher goals. Motivation can be a useful tool in goal-setting by pointing out targets that will bring employees out of their comfort zones to attain personal growth. Hiam (1999, pp. 213-216), warning us against confusing goal-setting sessions with employee manipulation, states that the motivational key is to make employee realize that aiming for a higher goal is good for different reasons, presenting both tangible (pay raise and bonus) and intangible (self-esteem and personal growth) rewards. Some employees are motivated by financial rewards, but many are equally motivated by seeing that their work is meaningful (Hiam, 1999, p. 222). In discussing the rewards of work, Bruce and Pepitone (1999, p.53) state that if employees are properly motivated and helped by their managers to aim for higher goals and succeed in achieving it, employees will feel that the work they do is fun and enjoyable, making it part of the reward itself that they are willing to share with the organization.à In effect, work becomes its own reward. Heller (1998, p.43) adds that motivation is a useful tool not only when setting higher work performance goals but in assessing the success or failure of employee efforts. Employee evaluation and assessment can be a forum for further motivation in two areas: to encourage the employee to build on strengths and accomplishments, leading the way for higher levels of future performance, or for helping the employee overcome personal weaknesses that hamper job performance. Through the use of positive reinforcement (praise and encouragement for success and achievement) and negative reinforcement (suggestions for improvement or behavioral change), managers can sustain organizational morale and help employees overcome falling enthusiasm or a lack of personal ambition. Hiam (1999, p. 122) notes that positive feedback (ââ¬Å"You can do it because youââ¬â¢re good enough â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ) is more motivating than negative feedback (ââ¬Å"Why canââ¬â¢t you do something that others can?â⬠) and encourages managers to use positive reinforcement to build up employee motivation and morale, although negative reinforcement (not the same as negative feedback) may be helpful for disciplining or correcting employees. Boosting self-confidence is one of the best ways to maintain high levels of motivation in employees (Bruce Pepitone, 1999, p. 114). The reason is that people grow in confidence when they see that someone, especially one in a position of authority, believes in them. This creates expectations that, as we learn from Vroom and Porter, motivate people. Therefore, a manager who believes in his employees can sustain high levels of motivation. Doing the opposite (showing lack of confidence and trust) can be fatal for the organization and the career of a manager whose task is to motivate and, therefore, trust and believe in his employees. It is a scientifically-proven fact that men and women are different (Ridley, 1999). They differ also in their motivation styles. Several studies (Su and Bradberry, 2004; Marano, 2003; Sachs, 1995) show how women and men differ (for example, women are more intuitive and perceptive, while men are more systematic and rules-based) in their communication and social skills, vital for the process of motivation. While men find it easier to motivate using the basic needs and tangible rewards, and women may be better at using higher level needs and intangible factors, all good managers, regardless of gender, should combine the ability to motivate using all the tools available (Gerstner, 2002; Sachs, 1995). References Ambrose, M. L. Kulik, C. T. (1999). Old friends, new faces: motivation research in the 1990s.à Journal of Management. 25, 231-292. Bruce, A. and Pepitone, J. (1999).à Motivating Employees.à New York: McGraw-Hill. Chapman, A.à (2004a).à Abraham Maslowââ¬â¢s Hierarchy of Needs.à Retrieved November 11, 2005, from http://www.businessballs.com/maslow.htm Chapman, A. (2004b).à Adamsââ¬â¢ Equity Theory. Retrieved November 11, 2005, fromà http://www.businessballs.com/adamsequitytheory.htm Chapman, A.à (2004c).à Frederick Herzbergââ¬â¢s Motivational Theory. Retrieved November 11, 2005, from http://www.businessballs.com/herzberg.htm Edersheim, E. H.à (2004).à McKinseyââ¬â¢s Marvin Bower.à Vision, Leadership, and the Creation of Management Consulting.à (pp. 41-65).à New Jersey: John Wiley. Gagne, M. and Deci, E.L. (2005).à Self-determination theory and work motivation.à Journal of Organizational Behavior.à 26, 331-362. Retrieved November Gerstner, L. V. Jr. (2002).à Who Says Elephants Canââ¬â¢t Dance?à (p. 203). New York: HarperCollins. Heerwagen, J., Kelly, K., and Kampshroer, K. (2005).à The Changing Nature of Organizations, Work, and Workplace. National Institute of Building Sciences.à Retrieved November 12, 2005, from http://www.wbdg.org/design/chngorgwork.php Heller, R. (1998).à Essential Managers: Motivating People. (1st American ed.)à D. Tombesi-Walton (Ed.). New York: DK. Hiam, A. (1999).à Streetwise Motivating and Rewarding Employees.à Holbrook, MA: Adams. Marano, H. E. (July-August 2003). The New Sex Scorecard. Psychology Today.à Retrieved November 15, 2005, from http://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/pto-2832.html Micklethwait, J. and Wooldridge, A.à (2000).à A Future Perfect.à The Challenge and Hidden Promise of Globalization. (pp. 122-139). New York: Crown. Ridley, M. (1999).à Genome, The autobiography of a species in 23 chapters. (pp. 216-218). New York: HarperCollins. Sachs, M. (1995). Men and women communication styles. Retrieved November 14, 2005, from http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/5000/5280.html Schwab, D. P. (1985).à Motivation in Organizations.à In L. R. Bittel and J. E. Ramsey (Eds.), Handbook for Professional Managers. (p. 585).à New York: McGraw-Hill. Stiglitz, J. E.à (2002).à Globalization and its Discontents.à (pp. 21-22). London: Penguin. Su, L. D. and Bradberry, T. (2004).à EQ and Gender: Women Feel Smarter.à Retrieved November 15, 2005, fromà https://www.talentsmart.com/media/uploads/EQ_and_Gender.pdf Wikipedia (2005).à Retrieved November 12, 2005, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ à How to cite Marvin Bower, Essay examples
Sunday, May 3, 2020
Eco-Toxicology Ecocatalytical Demotechnician
Question: Describe about the Eco-Toxicology for Ecocatalytical Demotechnician. Answer: Jack Vallentyne is considered one of the pioneering scientists of modern century in terms of his significant contributions towards the study of the aquatic ecosystems and empowering the public and the children regarding the various environmental issues that seem to thwart the ecological equilibrium. He is particularly famous as a limnologist and is co-credited with the foundation of a large scientific community named the Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management Society (AEHMS) embarking in its journey in the year 1989 that is still following on the footsteps of this great visionary. Subsequently a primary journal AEHM, then called as the Journal of Aquatic ecosystem Health, came into circulation from the year 1992. The AEHMS was set up to fulfill the vital objectives of endorsing and adopting the theme of ecosystem health, knowledge enrichment and better understanding concerning the health and management of marine and freshwater ecosystems, investigating and assessing the structure, o peration and performance of the aquatic ecosystems (Munawar, 2013). This prolific personality throughout his eventful career made relentless efforts to environment conservation, restoration and management of aquatic resources and simultaneously conducted mass awareness programs to spread the message of preservation of the natural laws and surroundings. The AEHMS initiated under the patronage of great visionaries like that of Jake Vallentyne has now successfully passed over 20 years and continues to make a difference in the global context through execution of journals, compendium books, symposia and scientific seminars. Jake played distinguished part by virtue of introducing the novel concept of ecosystem approach to research and environmental preservation. Johny Biosphere Project was the brainchild of this philosophy and Jake served to educate the school children through this method. However, he gained maximum popularity through his anti-eutrophication and phosphorus abatement campa igns that has been neatly documented in his book The Algal Bowl (1974). His campaigns were found to be effective as the phosphorus content in the laundry detergents underwent mitigation soon after. Moreover in addition to influencing the general public about the environmental concerns, he influenced the policymaking in a very noteworthy manner, evident in the revision of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA) that laid emphasis upon holistic and global outlook measures (Minns, 2013). Jack Vallentyne also performed the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA) program that aimed to evaluate the trophic state and strategies for the control of cultural eutrophication in the lower Great Lakes, experimental eutrophication studies on small lakes to find out the quantitative associations, overall ecological impacts, prevalence of nutrient pollutants and remedial measures. Conduction of comparative analyses with respect to trophic conditions in numerous Canadian lakes to detect the influence of anthropogenic, geologic, climatic and morphometric factors on eutrophication in conjunction to laboratory tests, toxicity studies, bioassays utilizing freshwater organisms were among the other projected objectives of the ELA. Acid rain and the threats of acidification of the lakes were also thoroughly analyzed through ELA. In a nutshell, the ELA provided a snapshot of the water pollution status through nutrient enrichment or eutrophication of the water bodies like that of small natural lakes that provided crucial information pertinent to ecological responses to environmental alterations (Ramsay Walters, 2016). Studies relevant to perceiving the situations encountered due to the ecogenic challenges in the Great Laurentian Basin suggest that identification and rectification of bad fishing and environmental practices can aid to achieve sustainable high value fisheries in addition to the diagnosis of the observed degradation of the aquatic ecosystems to prevent harmful, interacting stresses and also understand and assess the influence of climate warming on the cold blooded fishes (Regier, 2013). Thus the application of the ecosystem approach as proposed by Dr. Vallentyne found reflection in present studies as well. Apart from the aquatic life study, Dr. Vallentyne made his pragmatic mark in the demographic study as well. His insightful opinions regarding the human overpopulation and its consecutive environmental consequences may be retrieved through his writings in the book called Tragedy in Mouse Utopia. His thoughts correlate to the recent population related issues such as immigration and the evaluation of the environmentally sustainable population levels (Hurlbert, 2012). Pertaining to the population study the improvisation of the demotechnic index by Jack Vallentyne may be referred to for comprehensively understanding and estimating the impacts of humans on environment by taking into account both the population numbers as well as the rates of consumption. The changes in the demographic pattern may be attributed to the climate change, food crisis, energy crisis and the growing dearth of fresh water and thereby necessitates the utilization of the demotechnic index to plan and develop ways to address the scenario holistically (Ryerson, 2012). Jack Vallentyne can thus be revered as a true philanthropist and scientist whose pragmatic and time befitting contributions will render profound benefits to mankind in the long term provided his prophetic deductions and recommendations are carried over via worthy legacy. References: Hurlbert, S. H. (2012). Tribute to an obnoxious ecocatalytical demotechnician: Jack Vallentyne on population. Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics, 12(1), 21-34. Minns, C. K. (2013). Congratulations to Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management Society on its 20th anniversary. Aquatic Ecosystem Health Management, 16(2), 156-157. Munawar, M. (2013). State of the Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management Society: A chronicle of its initiation, growth, and advancement. Aquatic Ecosystem Health Management, 16(2), 125-129. Ramsay, M., Walters, W. (2016). Science as a Visible Public: The case of the Experimental Lakes Area. Regier, H. A. (2013). Perspectives on an ecosystem approach to ecogenic challenges in the Great Laurentian Basin and beyond. Aquatic Ecosystem Health Management, 16(1), 6-19. Ryerson, W. N. (2012). Vallentyne was right: achieving sustainability requires accounting for all relevant factors. Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics, 12(1), 5-13.
Thursday, March 26, 2020
The Ever-Changing American Culture Essays - Organized Crime
The Ever-Changing American Culture The Ever-changing American Culture As Americans, we used to worry little about war, having enough to eat, travel, freedom, and our most basic everyday activities. The tragic events of September 11, 2001 have forever changed the American way of life. We have now become more concerned with our physical health because of the few cases of anthrax and the possibility of more biological warfare. We also worry about nuclear warfare and the effects it could have on our health and environment. Americans have certainly become more patriotic and involved with their families since September 11. Most of us watch the news diligently to learn of any defeat the United States has accomplished in Afghanistan. Many of us are avoiding the airlines and are not spending very much money. This has helped push the economy further on the downward slope. The stock exchange hit bottom on September 21 in the 8100 range and is now back over 9900, which is right at the cusp of being a bull market (Pellegrini). Oil prices have been dropping rapidly and are now around 17 dollars a barrel, which will help to boost our slowing economy. Unemployment rates will unfortunately probably remain the same. Manpower, Inc. said Monday that its survey of United States companies' hiring intentions for the first three months of 2002 barely registered a pulse, a weakness not seen since the recessionary early months of 1991. Unemployment numbers will continue to climb up through the winter and spring even as and if a recovery takes hold (Pellegrini). Our commitment together to boost the nation's economy will ensure a bright future. America's future seems to be based on our new ideas formed since September 11, but yet we still carry on the problems of the past. There is still many Americans living in poverty. There is still illegal drugs that infest our nation with addiction and crime that encircles the drug trade. There are many children not getting a good education and many of whom who are fearful of violence at our schools. It is up to us as Americans to face these problems head on now more than ever before. The nation's most important problems to tackle and change are our illegal drug problem, the lack of good education for those of all ages, and to end the terrorist situation. The United States War on Drugs has done little to stop the sources of the problem and has only persecuted the user. The nation's children are often trying these illegal drugs at early ages despite drug education. These children also happen to lack in nearly every subject when compared to other nations around the globe. Many of the free nations of the world are dealing with terrorism and we all hope for a solution that will prevent any further violent acts committed against innocent people. The situation in Afghanistan actually began in 1979 when the Soviet Union invaded their country. The United States funded money to the mujahedin, or holy warriors, in the name of stopping communism. From this support, Afghanistan was able to defeat the Soviet Union in 1989. Yet the country became very unstable after the war. Political power was fluctuating often and leaders came in and out of power rapidly. Farmers resorted to growing many drugs such as poppies and marijuana and sold them around the globe. Cities were annihilated. Over five million Afghanis fled to other countries in search of a better life. When the Afghanis turned to the United States for help in rebuilding our country, we refused. This caused great anger amongst the Afghani people directed toward the United States. This also lead to Mullah Mohammod Omar, the current leader of Afghanistan, to form a ground of men to rebuild his country. They are now known as the Taliban. Omar's personal description is, A simple ban d of dedicated youths determined to establish the laws of God on Earth and prepared to sacrifice everything in pursuit of that goal. The Taliban have many radical believes including the idea of the never ending holy war or, jihad. Since the original forming of the Taliban, they have taken over 90 percent of Afghanistan with some assistance from Pakistan. Now that
Friday, March 6, 2020
Free Essays on Lukeââ¬â¢s Significance In The Scriptures
Lukeââ¬â¢s Significance in the Scriptures If I were lucky enough to lecture students on Lukeââ¬â¢s Gospel, simply discussing the factual aspect of his writings would not do him, nor Jesus, any justice. Along with it being a great depiction of Jesusââ¬â¢ life from his conception until his resurrection, Lukeââ¬â¢s Gospel teaches lessons Jesus used through His teachings to better educate His followers of what it takes to eventually be a part of Godââ¬â¢s kingdom. Such information would be seemingly too broad to understand within the confines of a book, however Luke masterfully combines all of these facts into one story with numerous lessons, leaving it as a difficult task for an educator to select which aspects of it to cover. The third Gospel, written by Luke, presents The Son of Man through a human form as Jesus. Jesusââ¬â¢ life on Earth could be broken down into three parts: Jesusââ¬â¢ birth, Jesusââ¬â¢ preaching, and Jesusââ¬â¢ death and resurrection. These three aspects of His life are the vocal points for what modern day Theologians seem to focus on in their own teaching, so it would be nonsensical for me to refrain from using them within my own. It must also be acknowledged that much of what Jesus endured through His lifetime teaches a point so after discussing the actual happenings of a particular event, it is necessary to discuss its intentions for us. Concerning Jesusââ¬â¢ birth, I would teach students how His birth had both simil- rities and differences to our own. Mary went through pregnancy carrying a fetus for nine Kearney 2 months, as women always have, though she was never actually impregnated. The Angel Gabriel visited Mary to bear some unexpected news, telling her that, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦you have found favor with God. Behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a sonâ⬠(CSB 99). Mary was a virgin, although God gave her the power to conceive a chi... Free Essays on Lukeââ¬â¢s Significance In The Scriptures Free Essays on Lukeââ¬â¢s Significance In The Scriptures Lukeââ¬â¢s Significance in the Scriptures If I were lucky enough to lecture students on Lukeââ¬â¢s Gospel, simply discussing the factual aspect of his writings would not do him, nor Jesus, any justice. Along with it being a great depiction of Jesusââ¬â¢ life from his conception until his resurrection, Lukeââ¬â¢s Gospel teaches lessons Jesus used through His teachings to better educate His followers of what it takes to eventually be a part of Godââ¬â¢s kingdom. Such information would be seemingly too broad to understand within the confines of a book, however Luke masterfully combines all of these facts into one story with numerous lessons, leaving it as a difficult task for an educator to select which aspects of it to cover. The third Gospel, written by Luke, presents The Son of Man through a human form as Jesus. Jesusââ¬â¢ life on Earth could be broken down into three parts: Jesusââ¬â¢ birth, Jesusââ¬â¢ preaching, and Jesusââ¬â¢ death and resurrection. These three aspects of His life are the vocal points for what modern day Theologians seem to focus on in their own teaching, so it would be nonsensical for me to refrain from using them within my own. It must also be acknowledged that much of what Jesus endured through His lifetime teaches a point so after discussing the actual happenings of a particular event, it is necessary to discuss its intentions for us. Concerning Jesusââ¬â¢ birth, I would teach students how His birth had both simil- rities and differences to our own. Mary went through pregnancy carrying a fetus for nine Kearney 2 months, as women always have, though she was never actually impregnated. The Angel Gabriel visited Mary to bear some unexpected news, telling her that, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦you have found favor with God. Behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a sonâ⬠(CSB 99). Mary was a virgin, although God gave her the power to conceive a chi...
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